The ClinGen Evidence Repository is an FDA-recognized human genetic variant database containing expert-curated assertions regarding variants' pathogenicity and supporting evidence summaries. [Disclaimer]
  • Gene obtained from curated document aligns with the Allele Registry but not with ClinVar data
  • No CSPEC computed assertion could be determined for this classification!


Variant: NM_000162.5(GCK):c.146C>A (p.Thr49Asn)

CA213765

36204 (ClinVar)

Gene: GCK (HGNC:2645)
Condition: monogenic diabetes (MONDO:0015967)
Inheritance Mode: Semidominant inheritance
UUID: 6e333374-f9a3-4a3a-ab78-8cc1941755c5
Approved on: 2026-10-29
Published on: 2026-10-29

HGVS expressions

NM_000162.5(GCK):c.146C>A (p.Thr49Asn)
NM_000162.5:c.146C>A
NC_000007.14:g.44153363G>T
CM000669.2:g.44153363G>T
NC_000007.13:g.44192962G>T
CM000669.1:g.44192962G>T
NC_000007.12:g.44159487G>T
NG_008847.1:g.41061C>A
NG_008847.2:g.49808C>A
ENST00000395796.8:c.*144C>A
ENST00000616242.5:c.146C>A
ENST00000682635.1:n.632C>A
ENST00000345378.7:c.149C>A
ENST00000403799.8:c.146C>A
ENST00000671824.1:c.146C>A
ENST00000673284.1:c.146C>A
ENST00000345378.6:c.149C>A
ENST00000395796.7:c.143C>A
ENST00000403799.7:c.146C>A
ENST00000437084.1:c.146C>A
ENST00000616242.4:c.143C>A
NM_000162.3:c.146C>A
NM_033507.1:c.149C>A
NM_033508.1:c.143C>A
NM_000162.4:c.146C>A
NM_001354800.1:c.146C>A
NM_033507.2:c.149C>A
NM_033508.2:c.143C>A
NM_033507.3:c.149C>A
NM_033508.3:c.143C>A
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Pathogenic

Met criteria codes 5
PP1_Strong PP4_Moderate PS4_Moderate PP2 PM2_Supporting
Not Met criteria codes 3
PP3 PM1 PS3

Evidence Links 0

Expert Panel

Criteria Specification Information

Criteria Specification: ClinGen Monogenic Diabetes Expert Panel Specifications to the ACMG/AMP Variant Interpretation Guidelines for GCK Version 3.1

Criteria Specification Approval History
Criteria Specifications for this VCEP
Evidence submitted by expert panel
Monogenic Diabetes VCEP
The c.146C>A variant in the glucokinase gene, GCK causes an amino acid change of threonine to asparagine at codon 49 (p.(Thr49Asn)) of NM_000162.5. GCK is defined by the ClinGen MDEP as a gene that has a low rate of benign missense variation and has pathogenic missense variants as a common mechanism of disease (PP2). This variant has a REVEL score of 0.691, which is between the ClinGen MDEP thresholds for PP3 and BP4, predicting neither a damaging nor benign impact on GCK function. This variant is absent from gnomAD v4.1.2 (PM2_Supporting). This variant was identified in four unrelated individuals with hyperglycemia (PS4_Moderate; PMID: 30257192, Clinvar, internal lab contributors). This variant was identified in an individual with a clinical history highly specific for GCK-hyperglycemia (FBG 5.5-8 mmol/L and HbA1c 5.6 - 7.6% and 3 generation family history of diabetes/hyperglycemia) (PP4_Moderate; internal lab contributors). This variant segregated with hyperglycemia with seven informative meioses in 2 families (PP1_Strong; PMID: 30257192, internal lab contributors). Functional studies demonstrated the p.Thr49Asn protein had a relative activity index (RAI) < 0.5; however, the wild-type kinetic parameters didn’t pass the MDEP quality control, and PS3 could not be applied (PMID: 30257192). In summary, this variant meets the criteria to be classified as pathogenic for GCK-MODY. ACMG/AMP criteria applied, as specified by the ClinGen MDEP VCEP (specification version 3.1.0, approved 10/10/2025): PP1_Strong, PS4_Moderate, PP4_Moderate, PM2_Supporting, PP2.
Met criteria codes
PP1_Strong
This variant segregated with hyperglycemia with seven informative meioses in 2 families (PP1_Strong; PMID: 30257192, internal lab contributors).
PP4_Moderate
This variant was identified in an individual with a clinical history highly specific for GCK-hyperglycemia (FBG 5.5-8 mmol/L and HbA1c 5.6 - 7.6% and 3 generation family history of diabetes/hyperglycemia) (PP4_Moderate; internal lab contributors).
PS4_Moderate
This variant was identified in four unrelated individuals with hyperglycemia (PS4_Moderate; PMID: 30257192, Clinvar, internal lab contributors).
PP2
GCK is defined by the ClinGen MDEP as a gene that has a low rate of benign missense variation and has pathogenic missense variants as a common mechanism of disease (PP2).
PM2_Supporting
This variant is absent from gnomAD v4.1.2 (PM2_Supporting).
Not Met criteria codes
PP3
This variant has a REVEL score of 0.691, which is between the ClinGen MDEP thresholds, predicting neither a damaging nor benign impact on GCK function.
PM1
No code specific comments provided, please refer to the summary above or general recommendations provided in the guideline
PS3
Functional studies demonstrated the p.Thr49Asn protein had relative activity index (RAI) <0.5; however, the wild-type kinetic parameters didn’t pass the MDEP quality control, and PS3 could not be applied (PMID: 30257192).
Curation History
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