The ClinGen Evidence Repository is an FDA-recognized human genetic variant database containing expert-curated assertions regarding variants' pathogenicity and supporting evidence summaries. [Disclaimer]
  • Gene label mismatch: GAA vs undefined
  • Gene obtained from curated document aligns with the Allele Registry but not with ClinVar data
  • No CSPEC computed assertion could be determined for this classification!


Variant: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.546G>C (p.Thr182=)

CA10603795

281056 (ClinVar)

Gene: GAA
Condition: glycogen storage disease II
Inheritance Mode: Autosomal recessive inheritance
UUID: 24df13f8-4c0e-4017-86a3-4fe9fe56fff6
Approved on: 2025-04-01
Published on: 2025-05-20

HGVS expressions

NM_000152.4:c.546G>C
NM_000152.4(GAA):c.546G>C (p.Thr182=)
NC_000017.11:g.80105132G>C
CM000679.2:g.80105132G>C
NC_000017.10:g.78078931G>C
CM000679.1:g.78078931G>C
NC_000017.9:g.75693526G>C
NG_009822.1:g.8577G>C
ENST00000570803.6:c.546G>C
ENST00000572080.2:c.546G>C
ENST00000577106.6:c.546G>C
ENST00000302262.8:c.546G>C
ENST00000302262.7:c.546G>C
ENST00000390015.7:c.546G>C
ENST00000570803.5:c.546G>C
ENST00000577106.5:c.546G>C
NM_000152.3:c.546G>C
NM_001079803.1:c.546G>C
NM_001079804.1:c.546G>C
NM_001079803.2:c.546G>C
NM_001079804.2:c.546G>C
NM_000152.5:c.546G>C
NM_001079803.3:c.546G>C
NM_001079804.3:c.546G>C
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Pathogenic

Met criteria codes 5
PP4_Moderate PM3_Strong PS1_Moderate PM2_Supporting PVS1_Strong
Not Met criteria codes 1
PP3

Evidence Links 0

Expert Panel

Criteria Specification Information

Criteria Specification: ClinGen Lysosomal Storage Disorders Variant Curation Expert Panel Specifications to the ACMG/AMP Variant Interpretation Guidelines Version 2

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Criteria Specification Approval History
Criteria Specifications for this VCEP
Evidence submitted by expert panel
Lysosomal Diseases VCEP
The NM_000152.5:c.546G>C variant alters that last nucleotide of exon 2 of GAA, but does not result in an amino acid change (p.Thr182=). Study using minigene analysis showed that the variant disrupts normal splicing, resulting in skipping of exon 2, with a low proportion of normal transcripts produced (PMID: 31301153). In addition, deletion of exon 2 results in complete loss of enzyme activity when expressed in heterologous cells (PMID: 7881425, 7717400). As this variant appears to allow a low level of normal splicing to occur, PVS1 was applied at the strong level (PVS1_Strong). At least 4 late-onset Pompe Disease patient with this variant had documented GAA deficiency or activity in the affected range in any appropriate tissue (PMID: 17616415, clinical lab data) (PP4_Moderate). One patient is compound heterozygous for the variant and c.-32-13T>G that has been classified as pathogenic by the ClinGen LD VCEP, phase not confirmed (PMID: 17616415). This variant has also been detected in a Pompe disease patient who was heterozygous with c.2608C>T (p.Arg870*, Pathogenic by LD VCEP), and in 3 additional patients with homozygous (Revvity Omics and Duke lab data) (PM3_Strong). The highest population minor allele frequency in gnomAD v4.1.0 is 0.000008496 (10/1177056 alleles) in the European Non-Finnish population, which is lower than the ClinGen Lysosomal Diseases VCEP’s threshold for PM2_Supporting (<0.001), meeting this criterion (PM2_Supporting). Other variants at the same nucleotide position (c.546G>T, c.546G>A), and in the same splice region (c.546+1G>T, c.546+2T>C, c.546+5G>T, and c.546del2‐5) have been reported in individuals with Pompe disease (https://www.pompevariantdatabase.nl/). All of these variants have been shown to result in skipping of exon 2 using a minigene assay (PMID: 31301153, 39905333). c.546G>T and c.546G>A have been classified as pathogenic by the ClinGen Lysosomal Diseases VCEP (PS1_Moderate).The computational splicing predictor SpliceAI gives a score of 0.84 for donor loss, predicting that the variant disrupts the donor splice site of intron 2 of GAA. But PP3 was not applied as PVS1 was applied. There is a ClinVar entry for this variant (Variation ID: 281056; 2 star review status) with 4 submitters classifying the variant as pathogenic, and 4 submitters classifying it as likely pathogenic. In summary, this variant meets the criteria to be classified as pathogenic for Pompe disease. GAA-specific ACMG/AMP criteria applied, based in the specification of the ClinGen Lysosomal Diseases VCEP: PVS1_Strong, PS1_Moderate, PM3_Strong, PP4_Moderate, PM2_Supporting. (Classification approved by the ClinGen Lysosomal Diseases Variant Curation Expert Panel on April 1, 2025)
Met criteria codes
PP4_Moderate
At least 4 late-onset Pompe Disease patient with this variant had documented GAA deficiency with <30% of normal mean control level of GAA activity in cultured fibroblasts (PMID: 17616415, clinical lab data) (PP4_Moderate).
PM3_Strong
This variant has been detected in at least 4 individuals with Pompe disease, 1 was compound heterozygous for the variant with c.-32-13T>G (PMID: 17616415), 1 was heterozygous with c.2608C>T (p.Arg870*, Pathogenic by LD VCEP), and 2 were homozygous (Revvity Omics and Duke lab data) (3 x hom=1 point, 2 x het P with unknown phase=1 point, total 2 points for PM3_Strong).
PS1_Moderate
Other variants have been identified at the same nucleotide position (c.546G>T, c.546G>A), and in the same splice region (c.546+1G>T, c.546+2T>C, c.546+5G>T, and c.546del2‐5) have been reported in individuals with Pompe disease (https://www.pompevariantdatabase.nl/). All of these variants have been shown to result in skipping of exon 2 using a minigene assay (PMID: 31301153). c.546G>T and c.546G>A have been classified as pathogenic by the ClinGen Lysosomal Diseases VCEP (PS1_Moderate).
PM2_Supporting
The highest population minor allele frequency in gnomAD v4.1.0 is 0.000008496 (10/1177056 alleles) in the European Non-Finnish population, which is lower than the ClinGen Lysosomal Diseases VCEP’s threshold for PM2_Supporting (<0.001), meeting this criterion (PM2_Supporting).
PVS1_Strong
The NM_000152.5:c.546G>C variant alters that last nucleotide of exon 2 of GAA, but does not result in an amino acid change (p.Thr182=). Study using minigene analysis showed that the variant disrupts normal splicing, resulting in skipping of exon 2, with below 10% normal transcripts produced (PMID: 31301153, 39905333). In addition, deletion of exon 2 results in complete loss of enzyme activity when expressed in heterologous cells (PMID: 7881425, 7717400). As this variant appears to allow a low level of normal splicing to occur, PVS1 was applied at the strong level (PMID: 37352859) (PVS1_Strong).
Not Met criteria codes
PP3
The computational splicing predictor SpliceAI gives a score of 0.84 for donor loss, predicting that the variant disrupts the donor splice site of intron 2 of GAA (PP3). Not applied as PVS1 was applied.
Curation History
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