The ClinGen Evidence Repository is an FDA-recognized human genetic variant database containing expert-curated assertions regarding variants' pathogenicity and supporting evidence summaries. [Disclaimer]

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Variant: NM_000152.4(GAA):c.1438-2A>G

CA401366755

526521 (ClinVar)

Gene: GAA
Condition: glycogen storage disease II
Inheritance Mode: Autosomal recessive inheritance
UUID: bdcc8361-cfe2-43b1-b69e-5335fe41ed5f
Approved on: 2020-03-30
Published on: 2020-05-26

HGVS expressions

NM_000152.4:c.1438-2A>G
NM_000152.4(GAA):c.1438-2A>G
NC_000017.11:g.80110725A>G
CM000679.2:g.80110725A>G
NC_000017.10:g.78084524A>G
CM000679.1:g.78084524A>G
NC_000017.9:g.75699119A>G
NG_009822.1:g.14170A>G
NM_000152.3:c.1438-2A>G
NM_001079803.1:c.1438-2A>G
NM_001079804.1:c.1438-2A>G
NM_001079803.2:c.1438-2A>G
NM_001079804.2:c.1438-2A>G
NM_000152.5:c.1438-2A>G
NM_001079803.3:c.1438-2A>G
NM_001079804.3:c.1438-2A>G
ENST00000302262.7:c.1438-2A>G
ENST00000390015.7:c.1438-2A>G

Pathogenic

Met criteria codes 4
PM2 PM3 PVS1 PP4

Evidence Links 0

Expert Panel

Criteria Specification Information

Criteria Specifications for this VCEP
Evidence submitted by expert panel
Lysosomal Diseases VCEP
The c.1438-2A>G variant alters the canonical acceptor splice site of intron 9 and has been shown by RT-PCR to causing skipping of exon 10, resulting in an in frame deletion that removes about 4% of the gene product (PMID 24158270). Exon 10 forms part of the GAA catalytic barrel, including two residues, Trp481 and Trp516, which are part of the GAA active site (PMIDs 1856189; 22253258; DOI 10.1101/212837). Therefore, loss of this exon is expected to abolish GAA activity, and PVS1 can be applied. The variant is absent in gnomAD v2.1.1, meeting PM2. This variant has been reported in two individuals with Pompe disease who meet the ClinGen LSD VCEP’s specifications for PP4, and who are compound heterozygotes for this variant and a second pathogenic variant, c.-32-13T>G in one case (PMIDs 24158270), and c.955+1G>A in the other (PMID 29422078), meeting PM3. Other variants altering the same canonical splice site, c.1438-1G>T (PMID 18425781) and c.1438-1G>C (PMIDs 22538254, 24495340), have been reported in patients with Pompe disease. There is a ClinVar entry for this variant (Variation ID: 526521) with one submitters classifying the variant as pathogenic and one as likely pathogenic. In summary, this variant meets the criteria to be classified as Pathogenic for Pompe disease. GAA-specific ACMG/AMP criteria applied: PVS1, PM2, PM3, and PP4.
Met criteria codes
PM2
This variant is absent in gnomAD v2.1.1.
PM3
Two patients with Pompe disease, who also meet the ClinGen LSD VCEP's PP4 criterion, have been reported who are compound heterozygous for c.1438-2A>G and a pathogenic variant ( (PMIDs 24158270, 29422078). The phase of the variants was unknown in both cases. Based on the ClinGen LSD VCEP's guidelines, this data was given a total of 1 point, which meets PM3.
PVS1
This variant, c.1438-2A>G, alters the splice acceptor site of intron 9 of GAA, predicted to resulting in skipping of exon 10. This was confirmed by RT-PCR analysis of muscle RNA from a patient with this variant (PMID 24158270). The resulting inframe deletion removes about 4% of the gene product. Exon 10 forms part of the GAA catalytic barrel, including two residues, Trp481 and Trp516, which are part of the active site (Hermans et al, 1991, PMID 1856189; Kroos et al, 2012, PMID 22253258; Deming et al, 2017; DOI 10.1101/212837). Therefore, loss of this exon is expected to abolish GAA activity. Based on the specifications of the ClinGen LSD VCEP, PVS1 can be applied.
PP4
Two individuals with this variant and GAA deficiency meeting the ClinGen LSD VCEP's PP4 specifications have been reported (PMIDs 24158270, 29422078).
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